Why did we ask ChatGPT 792 questions?

Because on 31 October the co-founder of a travel company wrote to us. He had asked ChatGPT about a Las Vegas hotel, and the answer cited our page on the Venetian’s prices. That was why he got in touch, and it left us wondering how the page had ended up there.

In the screenshot, the answer called our page “an independent published comparison”, then reined itself in: “historical quotes, not current offers”. It went on to list what a fair comparison would need: the same date from Booking.com and from the Venetian itself, the same suite, the cancellation terms, the total to pay, and whether the 55-dollar resort fee was in or out. ChatGPT had just written our to-do list.

Our own logs already hinted at something. When ChatGPT opens a page while answering someone, it does so with an agent called ChatGPT-User, and OpenAI says that agent acts when a user asks a question and is not used to crawl the web automatically. In October, page for page, it opened our price pages far more often than our hotel pages.

584 on 47
times ChatGPT opened our price pages, across 47 pages: 12.4 a page
1,390 on 434
times it opened the guide’s hotel pages: 3.2 a page
65
visits from ChatGPT to the price pages in the same month

luminafrontier.ai visit log, October 2026, ChatGPT-User agent. An opening means the page was read during an answer, not that it was shown or cited.

So we put to ChatGPT the questions of a traveller trying to find out what a hotel costs: the price a night, the cheapest month, where to book, the total with taxes, one booking site against another, the hotel against the booking site. 792 questions about 149 hotels and 14 destinations, on 31 October 2026, then 136 of them again to see whether the answers held.

One thing to say once, and plainly: we questioned a ChatGPT model through the API, with web search switched on and a US location, not the app a traveller has on their phone. We wrote the questions ourselves, so the rates describe this test, not real traffic.

How the test was built

792 questions, 764 in English and 28 in Italian, in 6 kinds of question for hotels and 5 for destinations: 136 about hotels with a price page in the guide, 172 about guide hotels without one, 288 about hotels outside the guide, 196 about destinations.

For each answer we kept the text, the links it cited, the pages its search found and the searches the model ran by itself. The 136 questions about hotels with a price page were asked a second time, and 60 questions drawn from across the groups were also put to a second model.

“Cited” means a link in the answer; “found” means the page was among the results of the model’s own search.

Does ChatGPT know hotel prices?

Yes, and it nearly always gives one: there is a price in 95 of 99 answers to “how much is a night”. What is missing is the night. Only 18 of 99 answers say which date the price is for, and 95 end by asking for yours.

18 of 99

answers about a hotel’s price a night that say which night the price is for. 95 give a price.

Lumina test, 31 October 2026: 99 questions about a hotel’s nightly price.

A typical answer goes like this. Asked what a night at the Standard, High Line in New York costs, ChatGPT said roughly 400 to 500 dollars a night including taxes and fees, for some dates, and much more on busy nights; tell me your dates and I’ll look for an exact rate. Its source was Expedia. It is an honest answer and almost no use: which dates, which room, read when?

That finding killed one of our own ideas. In tests built on advice questions, the “where should I stay in…” kind, a price hardly ever appeared, and we said so in our piece on ChatGPT ads for hotels. We had concluded that ChatGPT simply didn’t have prices. Ask it for the price, though, and you get one. It lacks the date, and the date is exactly what a hotel holds.

What does ChatGPT search for before it answers?

It looks for the official site and the booking site together, and often adds the year by itself. Across 792 questions the model ran 1,776 searches of its own: 790 named a booking site, 616 contained the word “official”, 508 a year. The commonest shapes ran along the lines of “hotel name, official, Expedia, rates”.

The words in ChatGPT’s 1,776 searches
  1. A booking site’s name

    790 of 1,776

  2. rates

    685 of 1,776

  3. official

    616 of 1,776

  4. A year

    508 of 1,776

  5. resort fee

    252 of 1,776

  6. review

    2 of 1,776

  7. reddit

    0 of 1,776

Lumina test, 31 October 2026: the searches the model ran by itself to answer 792 price questions.

Identical searches barely recur, 1,632 different forms in 1,776, but the pattern does: it wants to set the official source beside the one that sells. Reviews and forums it doesn’t look for: “review” appears twice, “reddit” never.

Then it comes down to who turns up first. Within an answer, the first page the search finds is cited 51% of the time, the second 23%, the fifth 6%. Much of the game is played before a word of the answer is written.

How often a page is cited, by the position its search found it in
  1. 1st page found

    51%

  2. 2nd

    23%

  3. 3rd

    14%

  4. 4th

    9%

  5. 5th

    6%

Lumina test, 31 October 2026, 750 answers citing at least one page: for each answer, the position of every page among those the model’s search found.

Who gets cited when the question is price?

The booking sites and Google, well ahead of anyone else. Expedia is among the sources in 136 of 792 answers, Google Hotels pages in 125, Kayak in 86. Of the 596 questions about a named hotel, 379 cite at least one booking site or Google Hotels.

Who gets cited in answers about hotel prices
  1. Expedia

    136 of 792

  2. Google Hotels

    125 of 792

  3. Kayak

    86 of 792

  4. Booking.com

    52 of 792

  5. Hotels.com

    34 of 792

  6. Trip.com

    17 of 792

  7. Dorchester Collection, its hotels’ sites

    12 of 792

  8. Lumina

    12 of 792

Lumina test, 31 October 2026: answers citing at least one page from that source, of 792. Google Hotels pages come from many of Google’s country domains and are counted together here.

Each has its own question. Kayak takes the cheapest month, cited in 66 answers of 100; Expedia the price a night, 52 of 99; Google Hotels the question of where to book, 34 of 99, and the one between 2 booking sites, 32 of 99.

Forums and review sites ChatGPT finds and almost never cites: 1 citation in 4,911 pages found. On prices, Reddit stays bedtime reading.

Where does the hotel’s own site win?

On how the bill works and on “direct or booking site?”, where the hotel’s site is cited more often than any booking site. On the price a night and the right month, the hotel all but disappears.

What the traveller asksAnswers citing the hotel’s or its chain’s siteAnswers citing a booking site or Google Hotels
Is it better to book direct or on a booking site?61 of 10054 of 100
Where can I book it for the lowest price?46 of 9949 of 99
What will I pay in all, with taxes and resort fee?35 of 9962 of 99
What is the cheapest month?11 of 10083 of 100
How much is a night?11 of 9980 of 99
Is one booking site cheaper than another?9 of 9951 of 99

Many of the official pages that get cited are of one kind: the Broadmoor’s hotel policies, Marina Bay Sands’ booking terms, Resorts World Las Vegas’s offer with no resort fee, La Mamounia’s FAQ. Pages that say how the bill works. In the United States that bill also has a rule: since 12 May 2025 the Federal Trade Commission has required a mandatory resort fee to sit inside the total price shown.

How we recognised the hotel’s own site

A link counts as the hotel’s site when its domain holds a distinctive word of the hotel’s name, or belongs to a chain such as marriott.com, fourseasons.com or aman.com. A few official sites with a different name slip through, so the figures in the first column are a floor.

The 596 questions are those about a named hotel, the first time we asked them, on 31 October. One answer can cite the hotel and a booking site together, so the 2 columns do not add up.

To my mind this is the lesson for anyone running a hotel. The booking sites have won “how much”, because they hold the price with its date. “How does it work”, with taxes, fees, cancellation and the perks of booking direct, goes to whoever writes it clearly on their own site.

Why does ChatGPT cite Lumina, and only there?

Only where we have a price page, and I think because it is the missing page: a price with its date, in a table. Lumina is cited in 12 answers of 792, and all 12 fall among the 136 questions about hotels with a price page in the guide. On guide hotels without one: 0 of 172. The page cited is not always the price page: of the 12 answers, 6 cite the price page and 6 the hotel page, which on hotels without a price page is never cited at all.

12 of 136
questions cite Lumina, on hotels with one of our price pages
0 of 172
on guide hotels without a price page
11 of 136
asking the same questions again

Lumina test, 31 October 2026. On the 196 destination questions, where we have no price pages, Lumina was neither cited nor found.

Take Giraffe Manor, in Nairobi. Asked what one night costs with taxes and fees, ChatGPT answered with the figures from our page:

For 2026, one night at Giraffe Manor is US$1,413 per adult sharing a room—so US$2,826 total for two adults. The published rate is an all-inclusive rate, so taxes and standard service charges are included; there’s no separate resort fee listed.

ChatGPT’s answer in our test, 31 October 2026, quoted as given. Its only source was our page on Giraffe Manor’s prices.

The first screen of the Giraffe Manor price page in the Lumina guide: the title, the opening with 2,826 dollars a night for 2 in 2026 and 3,108 in 2027, a photograph of the house, the box with the 2026 rate and the Book direct button.
Our Giraffe Manor price page, the one the answer cited. Capture of the Lumina guide, 1 November 2026.

There is a second reason, and it concerns the booking sites. We split the hotels with a price page into 2 groups: those the booking sites cover thinly, where the model’s search found one of their listings in at most 2 questions of 4, and the rest. Where booking sites are thin, our page is found in 32 questions of 40; where they are dense, in 47 of 96. The first group holds 10 hotels, and nearly all have a family likeness: Amanjiwo, Blackberry Farm, Eden Rock, Aman New York, Giraffe Manor, Ritz Paris, Amangiri, Claridge’s; the exceptions are Beaches Turks & Caicos and Atlantis Paradise Island. Many of them, I think, are booked by writing to the hotel rather than by clicking.

Position matters here too. When our page came 1st or 2nd in the model’s search, counting both times we asked, it was cited in 14 cases of 57; from 6th down, in 2 of 52. Of 40 price pages from other sites that ChatGPT cited, 16 had a table, 15 at least 5 prices, 13 a date in the text. None had a price in the title.

What died along the way?

More ideas than survived, and that’s as it should be: each was something we could have sold to a hotel. These 4 don’t stand up.

  • ChatGPT has no prices

    It has them, in 95 answers of 99 when you ask. What it lacks is the dates.

  • A page read is a page clicked

    In Las Vegas ChatGPT opened our 4 price pages 237 times in October, and they received 6 visits. The other price pages: 347 openings, 59 visits.

  • A single answer settles it

    Of the 20 questions in which Lumina was cited at least once, only 3 cited it both times we asked. Counted by group, it holds: 12 of 136, then 11 of 136.

  • A price page lifts the hotel’s other pages too

    Openings of the other pages rose 3.44-fold on hotels with a price page and 3.19-fold on the rest, from 1–11 to 18–27 October. The whole site rose.

And there is one thing we can’t explain. In our test the Las Vegas price pages were never cited, 0 times in 32 questions, counting both times we asked, yet one of them is exactly what the real app showed the co-founder who wrote to us. A model through the API and the app on a phone are not the same thing, and that zero proves no absence.

What this test does not tell you

We did not open the ChatGPT app travellers use, beyond the screenshot that reached us by email. We don’t know how many citations become clicks, or how many become bookings.

The hotels with a price page were not chosen at random, so the type and fame of a hotel are mixed up with the effect of the page. That thin booking-site coverage helps remains an association: we have not proved the cause.

The same questions put twice to the same model overlap by only half in the domains they cite, and 2 different models less still. Read the rates on this page by group, never from a single answer.

What would I do if I ran a hotel?

I’d publish myself the answer ChatGPT now fetches from Expedia, and put it where it looks. There are 5 moves, and each comes with the evidence that made me choose it.

  1. A price page of your own, with nights and dates

    A table with the room, the night, the price and the day you read it, month by month. The evidence: 95 answers of 99 give a price and only 18 say for which night, and Lumina is cited in 12 questions of 136 where it has this page, in 0 of 172 where it hasn’t.

  2. The whole bill, explained on your own site

    Taxes, resort fee, what the rate includes, until when you can cancel. The evidence: on “direct or booking site?” the hotel’s site is cited in 61 answers of 100, on the total with taxes in 35 of 99.

  3. The words ChatGPT searches with

    Name the page the way it searches: official rates, prices a night, the year. The evidence: “official” appears in 616 of its 1,776 searches, a year in 508, and the first page found is cited 51% of the time.

  4. Start where the booking sites say little

    If your hotel sells mostly on enquiry, the field is more open. The evidence: where booking sites are thin our price page is found in 32 questions of 40, where they are dense in 47 of 96.

  5. Measure readings and visits, not only citations

    Look in your site’s logs at how often ChatGPT-User opens your pages and how many visits come from chatgpt.com, and put your direct booking beside the price. The evidence: in Las Vegas, 237 openings went with 6 visits.

A page like this replaces none of the others. For getting the hotel’s name into answers when the question starts from the trip rather than the price, there’s our guide on how to get your hotel on ChatGPT, and our August study of 3,288 answers from ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini shows how hard that is: on questions about the trip, only 189 answers of 1,380 named one of the world’s 50 best hotels. And if you wonder who sells your hotel below your own price, we measured that in is it cheaper to book directly with the hotel.

Inside ChatGPT and Claude, Lumina’s app shows the prices collected for the nights you ask about, with the day we read them. I’d still start with the hotel’s own site: it is the source ChatGPT searches for with the word “official”, and the hotel is the one that sets the night, the room and the bill.

Questions hotels ask

Does ChatGPT give hotel prices?
Yes, when you ask: in our test there was a price in 95 answers of 99 to the question about the price a night. It rarely says which night the price is for, 18 times in 99, and nearly always ends by asking for your dates.
Where does ChatGPT get hotel prices from?
Mostly from booking sites and Google: of 792 answers, Expedia is cited in 136, Google Hotels pages in 125, Kayak in 86, Booking.com in 52. Before answering it searches for the official site and the booking site together, often with the year.
Does the hotel’s official site get cited?
Yes, above all on how the bill works. On whether to book direct or on a booking site, the hotel’s or its chain’s site is cited in 61 answers of 100, on the total with taxes and resort fee in 35 of 99, on the price a night in only 11 of 99.
Does the ChatGPT app answer as it did in your test?
We don’t know. We questioned a ChatGPT model through the API with web search, not the app. The Las Vegas price pages, for instance, were never cited in the test, yet the app showed one to the co-founder who wrote to us.
Is a ChatGPT answer always the same?
No. Of the 20 questions in which Lumina was cited at least once, only 3 cited it both times we asked. Counted over groups of questions it holds: 12 citations in 136, then 11 in 136.
Does a price page bring bookings?
We haven’t measured that. We know that in October ChatGPT opened our price pages 584 times and that the same pages received 65 visits from ChatGPT; in Las Vegas, 237 openings and 6 visits.

Try Lumina on your own hotel

Marco Di CesareFounder of Lumina

Before a demo Lumina reads your website, your reviews and your competitors. In 15 minutes you see what it found and the first work it would do. If you would rather ask me something first, we can talk for 30 minutes.

Book a demoBook a call

All of this was read on 1 November 2026, and platforms change their minds often: every claim links back to its page.

Where we read it (4)
  1. OpenAI, its crawlers and agents: ChatGPT-User and OAI-SearchBot
  2. OpenAI, web search in the API: citations and the sources consulted
  3. DataForSEO, answers from ChatGPT models through the API, with web search and the searches the model runs
  4. US Federal Trade Commission, rule on unfair or deceptive fees, questions and answers